The NSW Government asked IPART to identify and assess the effectiveness of options to increase the uptake of ethanol blended petrol in NSW. We considered a range of options, including broadening the ethanol mandate (extending its coverage), introducing premium ethanol petrol blends, reducing the availability of ethanol-free petrol, introducing specific measures to increase the demand for ethanol blended petrol, strengthening enforcement of the mandate, and regulating the price of ethanol.